Adam Aitken's childhood was spent in Thailand and Malaysia as the son of a Thai mother and an Anglo-Australian father. After graduating from Sydney University in 1982, he co-edited the garage literary journal P76, then returned to Thailand with the intention of immersing himself in the culture and language of his relatives. This experience resulted in the collection of poetry Letter To Marco Polo (1985). He has also reviewed literary works and frequently performed his work at festivals in Australia and overseas. He joined the Poet's Union in 1985 and also served as associate poetry editor for Heat. His work was read on Radio 2RSR in 1984 and he read at the Adelaide Writers Festival in 1982 and at 'Writers in the Park', Harold Park Hotel, Sydney, in 1986.
Aitken was the recipient of a Varuna Writers Residency in 1995 and his second poetry collection, In One House, was chosen three times as Best Book of 1996 in the review pages of The Australian and the Sydney Morning Herald. He was also a recipient of an Asialink writers residency for Rimbun Dahan, Malaysia (1998). For five weeks in 1999 Aitken was Visiting Scholar and Creative Writing Tutor in poetry and poetics in the Department of English and European Languages, University of Tasmania. Aitken's poetry and short fiction have been published widely in anthologies and literary journals.