This pioneering study of private press printing in early twentieth-century Australia considers the nature of the private press and examines the role of three 'major printers': Samuel Rowe Simmons, William Baylebridge, Frank Wilmot, and five 'minor printers': J. A. Andrews, A. W. Brazier, Violet Teague and Geraldine Rede, Hugh McKay and J. Summers, and Sir Edward MacKenzie. It then examines whether these individuals as a group constituted a private press movement, and whether the private presses had any influence on each other or on Australian trade printing. Appendices include a list of works by the three 'major' printers and one of the 'minor' printers.