Gerald Murnane matriculated from De La Salle College, Malvern in 1956. After studying briefly for the priesthood in 1957, he began training as a primary teacher in 1958, subsequently teaching in eight Melbourne schools between 1960 and 1968. In 1965 Murnane began a part-time BA, graduating from the University of Melbourne four years later. Between 1969 and 1973 he worked as a publications officer and assistant editor in the publications branch of the Victorian Education Department. Resigning in 1973, Murnane began work on his first novels, supported by the Australia Council and occasional freelance editing. In 1980 Murnane began his career as a lecturer at Prahran College of Advanced Education. He has since worked at several universities as a lecturer and writer-in-residence.
Murnane's fiction has often been classed postmodern for its intricate examination of meaning in the contemporary world where the disjunction between language and reality has been widely accepted. Many of Murnane's stories and novels examine the ideas of creativity and authorship, and the role of the reader in constructing meaning. While southwestern Victoria predominates in the settings of Murnane's fiction, he has employed other places, such as Hungary and Yorkshire. Many of Murnane's novels were out of print in the 1990s. Nevertheless, he received the Patrick White Award in 1999.