Steven Carroll studied at La Trobe University and taught English in secondary schools before playing in bands during the 1970s. He later turned his attention to playwriting and became a lecturer at RMIT. Carroll has been the theatre critic for the Sunday Age (Melbourne).
Carroll's novel A World of Other People was joint winner of the Prime Minister's Literary Awards with Richard Flanagan's The Narrow Road to the Deep North; his novels have regularly appeared on the shortlist for the Miles Franklin Award.