Guthrie Wilson was educated at Victoria University College and Wellington Teachers' College in New Zealand. He taught at Marlborough College in Blenheim before serving as an officer in the New Zealand Division infantry in the Middle East and Italy during the Second World War. Wilson returned to Marlborough College in 1946 and then was appointed to a senior teaching position at Palmerston North Boys' High School.
From 1956 to 1960 Wilson was senior Latin master at Newington College, Sydney and then senior master in 1961. From 1962 to 1979 he was at Scots College, Sydney, where he was first assistant to the principal, and then, from 1966 to 1979, principal. In 1977 he received an OBE.
Wilson's novel, Brave Company, based on a battle incident in which he was involved in northern Italy, has been ranked as one of the best New Zealand novels about the Second World War.